What are the principles of universal design for learning (UDL)?

The principles of universal design for learning (UDL) focus on accommodating individual learning differences to create inclusive educational environments. This approach recognizes that learners vary in their backgrounds, needs, preferences, and strengths. By incorporating flexible methods, materials, and assessments, UDL aims to provide multiple means of engagement, representation, and action and expression, thereby supporting all students in accessing the curriculum effectively.

Unlike rigid educational structures or inflexible learning environments, UDL promotes adaptability to meet diverse learning styles and needs. Additionally, it does not emphasize only standardized assessments, which can often fail to capture the full range of student understanding and capabilities. Instead, UDL advocates for a variety of assessment methods that allow students to demonstrate their learning in ways that are most effective for them.