Which of the following factors defines parent involvement along with intensity?

The concept of parent involvement in educational settings often encompasses various dimensions, including how often parents engage in school-related activities. The intensity of parental involvement can be effectively measured through the frequency, as it indicates how regularly parents participate in their child's education and school functions. High frequency suggests that parents are consistently providing support and communication, which can have a positive impact on student achievement.

In addition to frequency, factors such as duration, type of activity, and engagement level are relevant but do not inherently define the intensity of involvement. Duration relates to how long a parent is engaged, type of activity refers to the specific ways in which they participate (like volunteering or attending meetings), and engagement level assesses the quality of the interaction. However, frequency specifically captures how often these interactions occur, making it key to understanding the intensity of parental involvement. This is why frequency is the defining factor in this context.